Resumen
Las políticas son determinantes de la distribución social de los determinantes sociales de la salud. A partir de los años 80 las políticas neoliberales de organismos internacionales como el Banco Mundial, el Fondo Monetario y la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) han empujado a los paÃíses en desarrollo hacia el suministro privado y la internacionalización de sus sectores económicos. Mecanismos para la implementación de estos objetivos, como los programas de ajuste estructural, han obstaculizado la intervención intersectorial sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud como se había planteado en Alma Ata. El impacto en la salud de este tipo de políticas las ha convertido en objeto de investigación desde la epidemiología polÃítica, definida como el estudio de los efectos sobre la salud de las decisiones asumidas o no asumidas por las instituciones derivadas del poder político. Dado que con el proceso de globalización las inequidades en salud cada vez más son consecuencia de políticas que responden a intereses de actores transnacionales, es pertinente aplicar la perspectiva de la epidemiología polÃítica en la avaluación del impacto en la salud de las poblaciones.
Citas
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